Based on the chief complaint, explain the importance of knowing that Ralph had not traveled outside the country or that there is no family history of respiratory diseases. What is the normal pH of blood and what Ralph’s lab results tell us. What is the normal oxygen (PaO2) and carbon dioxide (PaCO2) content in blood? Based on the results, would you say Ralph presents hypoxemia or hypercapnia? Based on the blood test results is it possible that Ralph also presents an infection? Would you say lifestyle choices or occupation are to blame for Ralph’s disease? What is the name of the disease affecting Ralph’s lungs?
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